Biostimulants – a wide range from algae extracts to shrimp shells | Biostimulantien – von Algenextrakten bis Shrimpsschalen – eine Branche (er-)findet sich
2016
Blanke, M.
The 2ⁿᵈ World Congress on Biostimulants in Agriculture in Florence, Italy in November 2015 attracted ca. 1,200 participants with many attendees from the US, India, Asia and Brazil. The vendor section was dominated by ca. 14 mostly medium-sized Italian companies, their products and projects. The congress featured a number of molecular biology talks on gene up and down-regulation using mostly Arabidopsis, which seemed fairly unsuitable to an audience of agronomists.Biostimulants are commonly referred to as materials, which enhance endogenous plant processes, exceeding/or beyond the direct effects of their constituents like nutrients, anti-fungal or anti-microbial or phytohormonal compounds. The European Biostimulants Industry Council EBIC, a conglomerate of bio-stimulant producers, includes algae extracts, amino, humic or fulvic acids, chitosans, microbes, mycorrhiza etc. in this category. The algae extracts often originate from the marine algae Ascophyllum nodosum or the uni-cellular microalgae Macrocystis integrifolia. European und US definitions of bio-stimulants vary in that the US definition excludes materials other than from natural or biological sources, which are currently included in the EBIC definition; a beneficial harmonization was discussed; sales of bio-stimulants of currently ca. 1 billion US $ have a growth rate of 12.2 % p. a.Potential applications of biostimulants in horticulture range from stabilizing yields, temporary resistance to drought stress similar to ABA by closing stomata and reducing transpiration, enhancement of fruit colour, dormancy breaking in warm winters or locations to stimulation of adventitious roots in cuttings, grafting and propagation.
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