Effect of temperature on life history characteristics of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) parasitizing maize weevil larvae in corn kernels
1992
Smith, L.
The second generation of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) collected from commercial stored corn in South Carolina was reared at constant temperatures of 20, 25, 30, and 35 degrees C at 63% RH and a 12:12 (L:D) photoperiod. Hosts were medium to large larvae of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky reared on corn (21-23 d old at 25 degrees C, 63% RH). Daily production of viable progeny, sex ratio, adult female survivorship, and development time were measured to calculate net reproductive rate (Ro), generation time (T), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and female adult life expectancy. Female longevity was greatest at 20 degrees C (14.5 d median) and shortest at 30 and 35 degrees C (6 d). Median female development time ranged from 44 d at 20 degrees C to 10 d at 35 degrees C. Mean number of progeny produced per female over her lifetime increased from 10.4 at 20 degrees C to 42.6 at 35 degrees C. Progeny sex ratio was much lower at 20 degrees C (33% female) than at the other temperatures (63-71% female). Intrinsic rate of increase was lowest at 20 degrees C (0.028 female per female per day) and greatest at 35 degrees C (0.250), Ro increased from 4.5 female per female at 20 degrees C to 27.7 at 35 degrees C, and T decreased from 53.5 to 13.3 d.
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