Main pests affecting pineapple plantations and their impact on crop development
2019
Matos, A Pires de
Pineapple is part of the Bromeliaceae botanical family. It is native to South America and was disseminated throughout Central America and the Caribbean, probably by fruit trading for consumption among the native people. Portuguese and Spanish people took the pineapple to several countries during the 16th century. Nowadays pineapple is grown commercially in about 80 countries in the tropics and in some warm subtropical regions. In many of these countries some pests, diseases and weeds have been reported as main constraints for pineapple production. Significant yield losses have been caused by bacterial fruit collapse, bacterial heart rot, Phytophthora heart and root rots, fruitlet core rot, fusariosis, nematodes, symphillids, mealybug wilt, mites, fruit borer, pink disease, black rot, internal browning and several weeds. Special characteristics of the pineapple crop, such as all year-round fruit production and fields with plant and the ratoon crops plants in several developmental stages, increases the incidence and permanence of those pests and diseases. This paper will focus on interactions of pests, diseases and weeds with the pineapple crop as important knowledge towards the definition of an effective integrated pest, disease and weed management program for sustainable production.
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