Introduction of some Asian pear cultivars (Pyrus pyrifolia) to Iran
2002
Arzani, K.
Iran is a large country with various climatic conditions and a wide range of temperatures. This diversity in climates not only create the possibility for producing a wide range of horticultural crops, its sufficient also sunshine provides good possibilities for harvesting different horticultural crops in different seasons of the year. Presently these products amount to 15 million tonnes per year (with the exception of vegetables and ornamentals). At present, Iran has the capacity of exporting up to $ 1 billion worth of horticultural products, among which are noteworthy the exceptional quality of some Iranian products, especially dates, pistachios and pomegranates, for which the country holds 1st position in the World. Therefore, Iran has a good potential for increasing its horticultural crops both in terms of quality and quantity to supply global horticultural market with a wide diversity of fruits such as pome fruits. Pear (Pyrus communis) is an important fruit of temperate regions of Iran grown for its desirable taste and commercial value. Although, Iranian fruit industry has not yet experienced culture and production of Asian (Japanese) pear cultivars (Pyrus pyrifolia). In order to achieve and improve these objectives and with the aim of evaluation of some Asian pear cultivars under different climatic conditions of Iran the National Research Council of Iran (NRCI) in 1997, funded phase 1 of the project (Germplasm introduction and propagation), which started in 1998 with the introduction of nine cultivars of Asian pear from Belgium. The cultivars were named KS6, KS7, KS8, KS9, KS10, KS11, KS12, KS13 and KS14. These cultivars were budded on pear and quince seedlings for further quarantine inspection and propagation. Research is continuing on propagation aspects at TMU and for quarantine purposes in Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII) quarantine glasshouses. Research will be carried out to study rootstock adaptability to soil and climatic conditions, with emphasis on improving s water and fertilizer utilization. The adaptation of the Asian pear cultivars under four different geographic conditions of Iran as well as evaluation of vegetative and reproductive characteristics of the experimental trees on local rootstocks will be evaluated in phase 2 of this project.
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