Growth and haematology of pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus, fed diets with varying protein to energy ratio
2009
de Almeida Bicudo, Álvaro José | Sado, Ricardo Yuji | Cyrino, José Eurico Possebon
Haematopoiesis and blood cells' functions can be influenced by dietary concentration of nutrients. This paper studied the effects of dietary protein:energy ratio on the growth and haematology of pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus. Fingerling pacu (15.5±0.4 g) were fed twice a day for 10 weeks until apparent saciety with diets containing 220, 260, 300, 340 or 380 g kg⁻¹ crude protein (CP) and 10.88, 11.72, 12.55, 13.39, 14.22 MJ kg⁻¹ digestible energy (DE) in a totally randomized experimental design, 5 x 5 factorial scheme (n=3). Weight gain and specific growth rate were affected (P<0.05) by protein level only. Protein efficiency ratio decreased (P<0.05) with increasing dietary protein at all levels of dietary energy. Daily feed intake decreased (P<0.05) with increasing dietary energy. Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration was affected (P<0.05) by DE and interaction between dietary CP and DE. Total plasma protein increased (P<0.05) with dietary protein and energy levels. Plasma glucose decreased (P<0.05) with increasing dietary protein. The CP requirement and optimum protein:energy ratio for weight gain of pacu fingerlings, determined using broken-line model, were 271 g kg⁻¹ and 22.18 g CP MJ⁻¹ DE respectively. All dietary CP and DE levels studied did not pose damages to fish health.
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