Parasitism and development of Platygaster diplosisae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) on the African rice gall midge Orseolia oryzivora (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
2010
Ogah, E. O. | Odebiyi, J. A. | Omoloye, A. A. | Nwilene, F. E.
The life cycle of the koinobiont endoparasitoid Platygaster diplosisae Risbec was investigated to assess its suitability as a biological control agent of the African rice gall midge Orseolia oryzivora Harris & Gagne. Screen house and laboratory experiments were conducted in 2008 under ambient conditions in Ibadan, Nigeria. Morphological characteristics of the parasitoid’s immature stages were observed, and its life cycle parameters were measured. The parasitoid’s average egg incubation period was 12.9 days, and on average, 67.3% of eggs hatched. Three instars occurred, with average developmental durations of 2.2, 0.5 and 2.5 days for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd instars, respectively. Pupal development took 6.7 days until adult emergence. Pre-oviposition period averaged 12.1 h, and a female laid on average 95.2 eggs, with a mean oviposition period of 3.5 days. The longevity of males and females was 3.0 and 4.1 days, respectively, without food; longevity was extended when honey and water were provided. Mating and oviposition behaviours were recorded, and a sex ratio of eight females to one male was found in parasitoid progeny. The parasitoid had a total developmental period of 27.3 days, which is about 5 days longer than that of its host. In conclusion, P. diplosisae can play an important role in the biological control of O. oryzivora on rice, and should be conserved in African rice production systems.
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