Fusarium wilt of banana: sustainable management through deployment of antiapoptotic genes into the susceptible genomes
2022
Umesha, M | Sowmya, H. D. | Usharani, T. R. | Sunisha, C. | Gopalkrishna, H. R. | Ganachari, Megha
Fusarium wilt of banana is a highly damaging disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc), a soilborne pathogen affecting a wide range of cultivars from sub-tropical to tropical countries worldwide. The extinction of valuable genetic materials of banana cultivars is a realized threat faced by the banana scientists across the world. Pathogen spread and disease dynamics are complex and not well understood processes that make the disease management practices ineffective. With the advances in functional genomics, classes of genes that are antimicrobial, antiapoptotic and R genes have been introduced into susceptible genomes of banana for enhanced resistance. The R genes (RGA-2) identified in banana species are highly race-specific and lack durable resistance under field conditions. However, with the spread of Foc tropical race 4, a highly virulent race infecting banana cultivars, the utilization of broad spectrum genes can remarkably control the pathogen. Among the transgenes, the antiapoptotic genes convey a broad spectrum resistance and are highly effective in controlling Fusarium wilt disease caused by all races. Aspects of resistance, screening methods and future research are presented and discussed in this review.
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