Utilization of aliphatic nitriles under haloalkaline conditions by Bacillus alkalinitrilicus sp. nov. isolated from soda solonchak soil
2008
Sorokin, Dimitry Y. | van Pelt, Sander | Tourova, Tatjana P.
Enrichment with isobutyronitrile as the sole carbon, energy and nitrogen source at pH 10, using soda solonchak soils as an inoculum, resulted in the selection of a binary culture consisting of two different spore-forming phenotypes. One of them, strain ANL-iso4, was capable of growth with isobutyronitrile as a single substrate, while the other phenotype only utilized products of isobutyronitrile hydrolysis, such as isobutyroamide and isobutyrate. Strain ANL-iso4 is an obligate alkaliphile and a moderately salt-tolerant bacterium. Apart from isobutyronitrile, it grew on other (C3-C6) aliphatic nitriles at pH 10. Resting cells of ANL-iso4 actively hydrolyzed a number of aliphatic and arylaliphatic nitriles and their corresponding amides. The latter, together with the intermediate formation of amides during nitrile hydrolysis, indicated the presence of a nitrile hydratase/amidase system in the novel bacterium. Although present in an alkaliphilic bacterium, both nitrile- and amide-hydrolyzing activities had a pH optimum within the neutral range, probably due to their intracellular localization. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain ANL-iso4 is proposed as a new species Bacillus alkalinitrilicus sp. nov.
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