Productividad del esparrago en condiciones de riego y fertilizacion nitrogenada | Asparagus productivity under irrigation and nitrogen fertilization
2005
Navarro-Ainza, J.A.C. | Fimbres-Fontes, A. | Lopez-Carvajal, A.
In 2001 in Mexico asparagus was cultivated in an area of about 15 000 ha. In the Caborca region, State of Sonora, Mexico, this crop has great social and economic impact. The application of large amounts of resources and agrochemicals plus the climatic conditions of the desert often promote vigorous growth of the asparagus plant but also greater pest problems are observed. This situation influences crop production costs and the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of soil moisture and nitrogen on asparagus productivity. The study was carried out in a young and an adult asparagus plantation; in the young asparagus plantation, treatments were a combination of available soil moisture levels and nitrogen (N) applied during the fern growth. A randomized complete block design with a split plot arrangement with three replications was used. In the adult asparagus plantation only soil moisture treatments were applied (40, 20, 10%, and control) during the entire growth cycle. A randomized complete block design with six replications was used. In both studies, exportable spear production was evaluated. In the young asparagus plantation, the treatment 35-35% plus 200 kg ha(-1) N yielded 367 boxes ha(-1) while the control plot plus 600 kg ha(-1) N yielded 261 boxes ha(-1). The soil moisture factor had a greater effect on production than N, being superior the 35-35% treatment. In the adult plantation, the 40% and 20% soil moisture levels showed the highest and the lowest yield, respectively. Furthermore, it was observed that during the first cuttings (harvests) less soil moisture favored higher production. Moreover, the highest production occurred as of March.
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