Modeling Study of Long-Range Transport of SO2, NOx and O3 Over Northeast Asia in March 2002
2007
Han, Z. | Ueda, H. | Hozumi, Y. | Sakurai, T.
The characteristics of transport and transformation of SO₂, NOx and O₃ in northeast Asia have been investigated by using a comprehensive regional air quality model (RAQM) driven by a meteorological model MM5. A study period of 1-15 March 2002 has been selected due to the availability of intense observation of chemical species for both ground and upper levels. Model results have been compared against observational data to provide insights into the strength and weakness of the model's ability and the evolutionary features of chemical species. Validation shows a good skill of this model system in reproducing most of the key features in long-range transport, but apparent bias still remains due to a series of uncertainties from either emission estimates, prescribed parameters, or inherent model limitations. In general, this model shows a better skill for SO₂ and O₃ than for NOx. Large discrepancy occurs between the observed and calculated NOx concentration at higher levels, with the model results being much lower. A series of sensitivity tests have been conducted to investigate the potential affecting factors and it is found that the inaccuracy or incompleteness in currently used emission inventories could be a most likely cause for such discrepancy. Long-range transport from Asian continent to the western Pacific is pronounced in springtime. Substantially high concentrations of SO₂ and NOx in or above the boundary layer (0.5~3.0 km) over the Yellow Sea suggest an important pathway for long-range transport in northeast Asia.
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