Ferruginous Beidellites in Turkish Soils
1979
Özkan, A. I. | Ross, G. J.
Smectites were found to be dominant in the clay fraction of five calcareous soils of different great soil groups from various areas of Turkey. Characterization by X-ray, thermal, infrared, and chemical analyses of these smectites in a Terra Rossa, Vertisol, Rendzina, and Volcanic Ash profile showed that they resemble each other and are ferruginous beidellites having the average formula The smectites also have relatively high Mg content and are similar to the beidellites in some African and Indian soils formed under alkaline weathering conditions. Soil solution analysis indicates that the smectites in the Turkish soils are stable. The smectites in these soils appear to be mainly inherited since they already are the dominant layer silicate in the parent material. The results of this and other investigations show that ferruginous smectites are of widespread occurrence and may be found in alkaline soils formed not only on ironrich but also on iron-poor material.
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