Area foliar, tasa de asimilacion neta, rendimiento y densidad de poblacion en girasol | Leaf area, net assimilation rate, yield and plant density in sunflower
2005
Aguilar-Garcia, L. | Escalante-Estrada, J. | Fucikovsky-Zak, L. | Tijerina-Chavez, L. | Engleman, E.M.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of plant density on leaf area, leaf index and leaf area duration, net assimilation rate and its relationship with the yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). This field trial was carried out under rainfed conditions. Sunflower cv. Victoria was sown on May 26, 1999 in a Mollic fluvisol (Flm), with 2 to 3% organic matter and pH 8. Treatments were three plant densities D1 = 2.5 (50*80 cm), D2 = 5.0 (25*80 cm), and D3 = 7.5 (33*40 cm) plants m(-2). The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four replications. The results indicate that the increase in plant density increases plant height, leaf number m(-2), leaf area, leaf area duration and leaf area index, mainly before flowering, as well as total biomass per square meter. Moreover, the efficiency in the utilization of water and radiation increased when plant density increased from 2.5 to 7.5 plants m(-2). However, the net assimilation rate decreased as plant density increased. These results suggest that biomass and yield production depend on the magnitude of the leaf area and not only on the production of the photosynthates per unit of leaf area.
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