Variations in the primary and secondary metabolites in the Perovskia species derived from the isoprenoid pathway in response to different wavelengths generated by light emitting diodes (LEDs)
2019
Perovskia is a valuable medicinal plant of the Lamiaceae family with different pharmaceutical and industrial applications. This study evaluates the variations in essential oil yield, composition and polyphenolic content as well as some primary metabolites such as chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in Perovskia abrotanoides and P. atriplicifolia in response to four artificial light treatments including red, blue, red-blue, and white generated by LEDs as compared with the same traits under natural lighting used as control. Essential oil yield in P. abrotanoides is observed to range from 0.41% under the red-blue light to 2.66% under the white light treatment. The highest (1.9%) and lowest (1.48%) essential oil contents in P. atriplicifolia are recorded under the blue and white light treatments, respectively. GC-MS analysis identifies camphor (4.8‒29.52%), borneol (4.62‒13.47%), 1,8-cineole (4.24‒31.01%), trans-caryophellene (3.9‒10.15%), and α-humulene (3.26‒9.13%) as the major compounds in the species studied subjected to the lighting treatments. Based on cluster and principal component analyses (PCA), three major groups are determined in both species and among all the treatments. Accordingly, LED wavelengths show a reducing effect on the monoterpene content but a tendency for increasing the sesquiterpene content in the species studied. Finally, elevated levels of polyphenolic compounds and carotenoids are detected in both species under the blue light. The findings might be useful for selecting valuable compounds in the species studied for further studies.
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