Acacia auriculiformis pericarp – a substitute of Mohua oil cake as piscicide in pre-stocking pond preparation
2022
Mahua oil cake (MOC), a derivative of the seeds from Bassia latifolia is used as a piscicide in pre-stocking pond preparation for composite fish culture. However, for its nutritional potency MOC is used as a protein substitute in the formulated diets for fish, poultry and cattle. In present experiment piscicidal potency of Acacia pericarp preparation (APP) has been evaluated to get a substitute of MOC. LC-ESI-MS analysis of the methanolic extract of Acacia auriculiformis pericarp revealed seven triterpenoid saponins (acaciasides), twenty two flavonoids, eight tannins and a phenolic rich fraction- gallyl glucose. In the present experiment Minimum lethal concentration, LC₅₀ and LC₁₀₀ of APP were worked out through static bioassay and subsequent probit analyses putting trial upon nine potential predator fishes viz. Channa punctatus (Bloch), Channa gachua (Hamilton), Channa striata (Bloch), Clarias batrachus (Lin), Clarias gariepinus (Burchell), Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch), Anabas testudineus (Bloch), Notopterus notopterus (Pallas) and Wallago attu (Bloch & Schneider). Among the native species C. striata exhibited its toxicological response with higher Minimum lethal concentration (70 ppm), LC₅₀ (78.7 ppm) and LC₁₀₀ (90 ppm). Toxicological response of the exotic species C. gariepinus however, were found to be with highest LC₅₀ (98.4 ppm) and LC₁₀₀ (130 ppm). On the basis of toxicological response of different predator species the piscicidal application concentration of APP has been recommended in reference to LC₁₀₀ of C. striatus. However, if the exotic species C. gariepinus is present in the system, APP application should be made with reference to LC₁₀₀ to this species. Kaplan-Meier analysis on survivality of fish under exposure was performed to justify the results of the bioassay experiments. APP has the least effect on non-target invertebrate organisms of the aquatic body. Application of APP results in improving soil nutrients such as NPK and organic carbon. The result of the study revealed that Acacia pericarp could be a better substitute of MOC as a piscicide.
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