Effects of Application of Two Organomineral Fertilizers on Nutrient Leaching Losses and Wheat Crop
2005
Tejada, M. | Benitez, C. | Gonzalez, J. L.
The topic of how to decrease environmentally adverse effects of agriculture without losing too much crop yield is an important issue. In this respect, nutrient leaching losses were studied from a soil (land fallowing is not practiced) treated with two types of organomineral fertilizers [organomineral fertilizer (OMF) and organic + inorganic fertilizer mixture (O+IF), respectively]. Inorganic N losses were greatest in the soil treated with the O+IF, followed by those treated with the OMF, the former of which resulted in more gradual losses than the latter. Losses of other elements supplied by the fertilizers, particularly P and K, were greatest for the O+IF, followed by OMF treatment. The high nutrient losses observed in the soil treated with the O+IF make it advisable to use an OMF in soils with an abundant water supply. The highest N/P ratios were produced by the OMF, which suggest a lower eutrophication risk in drainage waters from soils treated with this fertilizer. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Cajeme) yield parameters obtained and the alveographic assays showed that the OMF has a great potential of being used, at least on the wheat variety tested and under the pedoclimatic conditions prevailing in the study area. In this respect, application of OMF gave a significant increase in grain gross protein content of 2.9%, an increase in number of grains per spike of 2.2%, a significant increase in number of spikes per square meter of 3.4%, an increase in 1000-grain weight of 3.9%, and a significant yield increase of 2.5% with respect to the O+IF treatment.
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