Hematological and histopathological effects of swainsonine in mouse
2015
Wu, Chenchen | Liu, Xiaoxue | Ma, Feng | Zhao, Baoyu
BACKGROUND: Livestock that consume locoweed exhibit multiple neurological symptoms, including dispirited behavior, staggered gait, trembling, ataxia, impaired reproductive function and cellular vacuolar degeneration of multiple tissues due to toxicity from plant-derived alkaloids such as swainsonine. RESULTS: Swainsonine was administered to F₀ and F₁ mice by intraperitoneal injection before, during and after pregnancy at the following doses: 0.525 mg/kg BW(I), 0.2625 mg/kg BW(II), 0.175 mg/kg BW(III) and 0 mg/kg BW(IV). Hemosiderin deposits were observed the lamina propria of endometrium in uterus and the red pulp of spleen. Ovary corpus lutea counts in F₀ mice were higher in swainsonine-treated mice compared to control mice. Indirect bilirubin content and reticulocyte numbers were increased in swainsonine-treated F₀ and F₁ generation mice compared to control group (P < 0.05). Lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase content in F₀-I and F₀-II mice were significantly increased compared with F₀-IV group mice (P < 0.05). Red blood cells, hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin levels were significantly decreased in F₀ and F₁ mice compared with the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Swainsonine exerts effects on estrus period and reproductive ability, and offspring of dams dosed with swainsonine were affected in-utero or from nursing. Damage to liver, uterus and spleen, as well as hematological changes, are observable before neurological symptoms present.
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