Survey of Irrigation Water for Golf Courses in Southeastern Pennsylvania
2006
Fidanza, Michael A. | Sanford, David L. | Stowell, Larry J. | Gelernter, Wendy | Landschoot, Peter J. | Bosold, Nancy | Welshans, James
Irrigation water quality is one of the most important environmental issues facing the green industry today, especially in urban areas with competing interests for limited water resources. Fifty-eight irrigation water survey kits were sent to golf courses within the Groundwater Protected Area of southeastern Pennsylvania. A total of 35 (60%) water samples were received and grouped into one of five water source categories: domestic, lake, recycled, stream, and well. Laboratory analysis measured or calculated 26 parameters for each irrigation sample and also rain water. For all samples, 22 of 26 parameters were observed within the normal range for turfgrass, but four parameters were not: pH, bicarbonate, iron, and nitrate. All irrigation water samples, however, were considered to be of acceptable to good quality for establishing and maintaining turfgrasses in southeastern Pennsylvania. Information from this survey was used to communicate proper irrigation water quality monitoring and environmental stewardship to the golf course segment of the green industry in southeastern Pennsylvania.
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