Partial replacement of fish meal with plant protein sources using organic acids to practical diets for juvenile yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata
2012
SARKER, M.S.A. | SATOH, S. | KAMATA, K. | HAGA, Y. | YAMAMOTO, Y.
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of phosphorus (P), citric acid (CA) and formic acid (FA) supplementation on growth and loading of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in juvenile yellowtail fed fish meal (FM) and alternate plant protein (APP) diets. Six diets designated as F49 (490âgâkg−1 FMâbased), F49â+âP (490âgâkg−1 FM with 5âgâkg−1 inorganic P), F31â+âCA (310âgâkg−1 FM containing 200âgâkg−1 APP with 5âgâkg−1 CA), F31â+âFA (310âgâkg−1 FM having 200âgâkg−1 APP with 4âgâkg−1 FA), F23â+âCA (230âgâkg−1 FM containing 300âgâkg−1 APP with 5âgâkg−1 CA) and F23â+âFA (230âgâkg−1 FM having 300âgâkg−1 APP with 4âgâkg−1 FA) were formulated. Yellowtails were fed one of the diets for 12âweeks under onâsite conditions at water temperature 22.0–27.0â°C. F49â+âP gave the best growth, while F23â+âCA the lowest. Specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio of F31â+âCA were similar with control group. Addition of CA to APP diets significantly increased retention of P; hence, its excretion was lowered. The results of this study suggest that FM could be replaced up to 70% with the addition of 5âgâkg−1 CA to a low Pâcontaining plant protein sources diet without inorganic P supplementation in juvenile yellowtail diets, which in turn would enable a reduction in environmental pollution from aquafeeds.
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