Agrotechnikai elemek hatása az őszi búza (Triticum aestivum L.) vetőmagtermesztésére | Effects of different elements of agrotechnics on the seed production of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Summary In order to examine the effects of different elements of growing technologies, a series of experiments were set up on small field plots at the experimental area of the Institute of Crop Production SZIU on the outskirts of Hatvan-Nagygombos in the autumn of 2006. Each treatment were characterized by the variations of methods used in the critical points in seed production. The types we used were Alföld, Mv Magdaléna, Mv Suba, Mv Csárdás, Mv Toborzó, the main parts of the experiment were the examination of plant nutrition and the use of different pesticides. The results of the first experiment year are the following: 1. Different herbicides significant effects on yield, they have improved the yield by 1.1-1.5 t ha ⁻¹. As for each variety, the increase of the applied nutrient quantity also increased the yields of Mv Magdaléna and Alföld, whereas the yields of Mv Toborzó and Mv Suba also grew after an initial drop. Important deviation from the control samples was only observed in the case of Mv Suba and Mv Csárdás. Herbicides had similar effects on the yield of plots. A significant difference was only experienced for Mv Csárdás. As for the applied herbicides, a significant difference in comparison with the control samples was only observed in the case of Mv Suba and Mv Csárdás, whereas there was a notable difference in the case of Mv Csárdás as a result of insecticide and fungicide use, both positive. 2. The quality of seed was described by the number of germs per hectare which is calculated as the range of the thousand kernel weight, yield and the percentage of germination. The trend of germ numbers varied according to the different pesticides and showed an intense fluctuation in the case of different varieties. A significant difference was observed in the case of Alföld and Mv Csárdás. Owing to the different top-dressing fertilisers, the germ number per hectare showed a constant increase (positive correlation), 10000000-15000000 per hectare. As for Mv Magdaléna, Mv Suba and Mv-Toborzó, no significant difference was observed in comparison with the control. The difference between the results measured was significant for Mv Csárdás and Alföld only. The effect of herbicides on germ number showed similarly various results among varieties. Only Mv Suba and Mv Csárdás showed a significant difference. As regards the application of different pesticides, Mv Csárdás showed significant difference, whereas it was Mv Suba in the case of plots treated with herbicides.