Importance, usage and prospective of CWR for fruits, grapevine and nuts in Georgia and Azerbaijan
2012
Maghradze, D. | Bobokashvili, Z. | Akparov, Z.I. | Musayev, M.K. | Mămmădov, A.
The South Caucasus considered being primary or secondary center of origin, domestication and diversity of many fruits, grapevine and nuts taking their basis from the CWR of the region. The wild relatives of major fruits and nuts like grapevine, apple, pear, quince, medlar, pomegranate, fig, cherry, apricot, almond, hazelnut, walnut, chestnut, pistachio and others are presented with many genera in the flora of Georgia and Azerbaijan. Despite broad utilization of native varieties in the conventional agriculture the traditions of usage of CWR for food, food additives or environmental purposes still kept among populations like fresh fruit consumption, as a row material for processing and making of traditional food ('Tklapi', 'Chiri', 'Kerki', 'Churchkhela', 'Doshab', 'Behmez', 'Narsharab', 'Nardancha', 'Axta', 'Lavashana' and others), including in a food chain as a feed for domestic animals, initial materials for breeding. Except fruit utilization the WR are operate as rootstocks and for live fences; they are honey, decorative and medical plants, suitable for making anti-erosion and wind-brake line plantations, forest garden construction. The CWR in Georgia and Azerbaijan are conserved in protected areas and botanical gardens, while ex situ and on-farm conservation are limited in spite that some species are included in the local "Red Books" or "Red Lists". There are few projects increasing the importance of CWR here. Including in the global databases, in applied research and breeding programs can enlarge public awareness of CWR, promoting traditional ways for their usage.
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