Meal replacement based on Human Ration modulates metabolic risk factors during body weight loss: a randomized controlled trial
2014
Alves, Natalia Elizabeth Galdino | Enes, Bárbara Nery | Martino, Hércia Stampini Duarte | Alfenas, Rita de Cássia Gonçalves | Ribeiro, Sônia Machado Rocha
PURPOSE: A meal replacement may be an effective strategy in the management of obesity to increase antioxidant intake, attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of a new nutritional supplement to reduce metabolic risk parameters in obese women. METHODS: In a randomized controlled crossover study (2 × 2), 22 women (percentage body fat 40.52 ± 3.75 %; body mass index—BMI 28.72 ± 2.87 kg/m²; 35.04 ± 5.6 years old) were allocated into two treatments: hypocaloric diet and drink containing “Human Ration” (HR) consumption (CRHR), and hypocaloric diet and control drink consumption (CR). The study consisted of 2 periods of 5 weeks with 1 week of washout in two orders (CR → CRHR and CRHR → CR). Caloric restriction was 15 %, based on estimated energy requirement. Anthropometric, clinical and metabolic risk parameters were assessed at baseline and at the end of each period. RESULTS: Some metabolic risk factors were favorably modulated in both interventions: reduction in body weight (CR −0.74 ± 1.27 kg; p = 0.01; CRHR −0.77 ± 1.3 kg; p = 0.02), body mass index (BMI) (CR −0.27 ± 0.51 kg/m²; p = 0.02; CRHR −0.30 ± 0.52 kg/m²; p = 0.01) and HOMA-IR (CR −0.35 ± 0.82; p = 0.02, CRHR −0.41 ± 0.83; p = 0.03). However, CRHR reduced waist circumference (−2.54 ± 2.74 cm; p < 0.01) and gynoid fat (−0.264 ± 0.28 g; p < 0.01), and increased HDL-c levels (0.08 ± 0.15 mmol/l; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Associated with hypocaloric diet, the intake of a nutritional supplement rich in phytochemicals as a breakfast substitute for 5 weeks had no additional effect on weight reduction than caloric restriction alone, but increased central lipolysis and improved the lipoprotein profile.
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