Effects of fumonisin B1 on selected immune responses in broiler chicks
1999
Li, Y.C. | Ledoux, D.R. | Bermudez, A.J. | Fritsche, K.L. | Rottinghaus, G.E.
Three experiments were conducted to evaluate immune responses in chicks fed fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)). Day-old male chicks were randomly allotted to dietary treatments: 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg FB(1)/kg diet. In Experiment 1, chicks were fed diets for 3 wk and were injected intravenously with 4.6 x 10(6) Escherichia coli on Day 21. Blood samples were collected at 60, 120, and 180 min postinjection, and liver, spleen, and lung were collected after 180 min. Chicks fed 200 mg FB(1)/ kg diet had significantly higher numbers of bacterial colonies in blood, spleen, and liver (P < 0.05) than control chicks. In Experiment 2, chicks were placed on the diets for 4 wk and were injected with 0.5 mL inactivated Newcastle Disease virus vaccine on Weeks 2 and 3 of the experiment, and primary and secondary antibody titers were measured 7 d after each injection. The secondary antibody response in chicks fed 200 mg FB(1)/kg diet was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that of control chicks. In Experiment 3, lymphocyte proliferation in chicks exposed to FB(1) in vivo or in vitro was determined. Results of the in vivo study showed that cell proliferation in response to mitogens was lower (P < 0.05) in chicks fed 200 mg FB(1)/kg diet than in control chicks. For the in vitro study, cell proliferation was lower (P < 0.05) when cells were exposed to greater than or equal to 2.5 micrograms FB(1)/mL. Data of the current study suggested that FB(1) is immunosuppressive in chicks when present in the ration at 200 mg FB(1)/kg diet.
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