A holistic perspective on species conservation
2021
Hausdorf, Bernhard
In a holistic perspective, species conservation has to optimize three objectives, the conservation of a maximum number of species and differentiated population groups within species, the fitness of these conservation units under current conditions and their evolvability that ensures their long-term survival under changing environmental conditions. Optimizing the three objectives may require trade-offs between the number of conservation units versus population size and genetic diversity within conservation units. Further trade-offs are necessary between optimizing fitness under current environmental conditions versus increasing variability and, thus, (mal-)adaptation, to increase evolvability. Finally, the limitation of funds requires conservation triage, a trade-off between the usage of the available funds for measures improving habitat area, connectivity and quality for many species versus for assisted migration of a few species. The former use of funds may often be more sustainable and cost-effective in order to maximize conservation outcome.
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