Rotacion maiz-avena forrajera con labranza de conservacion en el altiplano de San Luis Potosi, Mexico | Corn-forage oats rotation with conservation tillage in the plateau of San Luis Potosi, Mexico
2005
Martinez-Gamino, M.A. | Jasso-Chaverria, C.
Conservation tillage in the Plateau of San Luis Potosi, Mexico has not had the success of adoption as in other Latin American countries because of the intensive use of crop residues to feed animals. As an alternative to this problem, a rotation of corn and forage oats was established to assess the effect of seven soil management methods before planting on physical and chemical soil properties, corn and forage oat yields, quantity of forage available for animals, and profitability. From 1996 to 2001, a rotation of corn and forage oats under irrigation was used, where corn was established in the spring-summer growing season and oats during the fall-winter season. The following tillage methods were evaluated: traditional with plow and disk (B+R), disturbing the upper 0-10 cm layer, without disturbing the upper 0-10 cm layer, and zero tillage plus 0, 33, 66, and 100% mulch. With zero tillage plus 66% mulch, bulk density was reduced 6%, initial soil infiltration and soil moisture were increased 32 and 57%, respectively; grain and corn stubble yield was improved by 87 and 49% compared to that of B+R. With the oat forage produced during the fall-winter season, the quantity of forage increased. The zero tillage plus 66% mulch treatment allowed a benefit/cost ratio of 2.72 compared to 2.27 with B+R.
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