Physiological Effects of Smoke-water and Karrikinolide on Wheat Seedlings Grown under Boron Stress
2021
Küçükakyüz, K. | Çatav, Ş. S.
It is well-recognized that plant-derived smoke and karrikinolide (KAR₁) are capable of promoting seed germination and seedling growth in many plants. In addition, recent findings have suggested that smoke and KAR₁ can alleviate the deleterious effects of unfavorable environmental conditions on plant growth. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of smoke-water and KAR₁ on growth and physiological parameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings subjected to boron (B) stress. To accomplish this goal, 7-day-old seedlings were grown in nutrient solutions containing 12 mM boric acid with or without the presence of smoke-water (0.4 and 1%) and KAR₁ (0.1 µM) for 5 days. Hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, proline, total phenolic contents, antioxidant enzyme activities, and B concentration were determined for each treatment group. The results of the present study show that smoke-water and KAR₁ improve root growth and decrease B accumulation in wheat seedlings under B stress. Moreover, KAR₁ and smoke-water (0.4%), albeit not significant, led to a slight reduction in B-triggered oxidative injury. Our findings also suggest that the increased activities of glutathione reductase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase in B-treated seedlings return almost to control levels in the presence of KAR₁ and smoke-water (0.4%). In conclusion, this study provides evidence that smoke and KAR₁ have the potential to be used in agriculture in order to reduce the negative effects of excess B on plant growth.
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