Scion genotype controls biomass allocation and root development in grafted apple
2019
Thomaj, F. | Kullaj, E.
Knowledge of the root system of apple trees under certain environmental conditions is important, and it can have direct implications on vegetation and production. Data on the extent and formation of the root system in the soil helps in maximising the efficacy of fertilization, irrigation, and conservation of the environment from pollution. This study was carried out in the lowlands of Albania, where 30% new apple orchards have been planted. The cultivars under study were ‘Red Delicious’, ‘Golden Delicious’, and ‘Gala’ grafted on M9. Data shows that the main mass of the roots (80%) is located at 70 cm depth and 120 cm width, while 90% of the roots are located at 120 cm. After the 10th year, there is a drastic drop in the general number of roots (about 30%) as well as a change in their structure. Significant changes were found between cultivars. Rootstock influences the vegetation and the elements of productivity, while the scion affects the quantity of the roots and the nature of their extension.
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