Bioavailable zinc intake of Korean adults in relation to the phytate content of Korean foods
2004
Joung, H. | Nam, G. | Yoon, S. | Lee, J. | Shim, J.E. | Paik, H.Y.
This study was conducted to create a phytate database for food items and to evaluate the bioavailability of zinc in Korean adults. Eighty-seven food items were analysed. Phytate content was determined by ion exchange method and zinc bioavailability was assessed through a dietary survey of 841 adults. Measured phytate values in various groups were as follows: 191.7-973.3 mg in cereals, 508.5-1371.8 mg in legumes, 0.4-319.9 mg in vegetables, and 1-50 mg in fruits. Mean zinc intakes of Korean adults (9.5 mg for male and 7.5 mg for female subjects) were less than the Korean recommended dietary allowance. Cereals (68.6%) and legumes (19.3%) supplied the most dietary phytate. Mean phytate:zinc ratios were 9.5 for males and 10.5 for females. High zinc bioavailability (phytate:zinc molar ratio below 5) occurred in 9.6% of subjects, whereas 13.2% had low bioavailability (molar ratio over 15). Below-normative zinc intake levels occurred in 54.3% of subjects (61.8% for male and 49.5% for female). Further studies should be directed towards increasing zinc intake and enhancing bioavailability to improve zinc status in Korea.
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