Involvement of endothelin-1 in habitual exercise-induced increase in arterial compliance
2009
Maeda, S. | Sugawara, J. | Yoshizawa, M. | Otsuki, T. | Shimojo, N. | Jesmin, S. | Ajisaka, R. | Miyauchi, T. | Tanaka, H.
Habitual aerobic exercise results in a significant increase in central arterial compliance. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptide and could play a role in mediating the habitual aerobic exercise-induced increase in central arterial compliance. The aim of the present study was to examine whether ET-1 is involved in the mechanisms underlying the increase in central arterial compliance with aerobic exercise training. Seven apparently healthy middle-aged and older (60 ± 3 years) adults underwent systemic endothelin-A/B (ETA/B)-receptor blockade (500 mg of Tracleer®) before and after 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training (70 ± 1% of maximal heart rate, 44 ± 2 min day⁻¹, 4.4 ± 0.1 days week⁻¹). Basal carotid arterial compliance (via simultaneous B-mode ultrasound and arterial applanation tonometry on the common carotid artery) increased significantly after exercise training. Resting plasma ET-1 concentration decreased significantly after exercise training. Before exercise intervention, carotid arterial compliance increased significantly with the administration of the ETA/B-receptor blockade. After training, however, increases in carotid arterial compliance previously observed with the ETA/B-receptor blockade before training were abolished. Regular aerobic exercise training enhances central arterial compliance in middle-aged and older humans. The increase in arterial compliance was associated with the corresponding reduction in plasma ET-1 concentration as well as the elimination of ET-1-mediated vascular tone. These results suggest that reductions in ET-1 may be an important mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of exercise training on central artery compliance.
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