From monoculture to the Norfolk system: assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities associated with different crop rotation systems
2014
Magurno, Franco | Sasvári, Zita | Posta, Katalin
In the last decades the management of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has drawn increasing attention as a biological alternative to chemicals. For a profitable capitalization of these symbiota, a better understanding of which mechanisms could affect the dynamics of AMF communities is required. In the present study we evaluated the influence of different crop rotations on the AMF communities, after a 50 years field experiment established at Martonvásár, Hungary. Four types of crop rotation were chosen for sampling: corn monocropping as a control, corn-alfalfa, corn-wheat and corn-spring barley-peas-wheat. The level of root mycorrhization and the spore abundance in the soil were measured at different sampling times. Community composition of AMF in roots was analyzed with a molecular approach amplifying a portion of 18S rDNA. In the corn monoculture we found a relatively rich AMF community, with a number of phylotypes detected (11) higher than those found in previous works by molecular tools. Comparing the different crop rotation types highlighted remarkable differences in the composition and structure of the AMF assemblages showing that the nature of crop sequence has, in the long term, an important role in modeling the resident AMF community.
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