Highly Reversible Lithium-Metal Anode and Lithium–Sulfur Batteries Enabled by an Intrinsic Safe Electrolyte
2019
Chen, Jiahang | Yang, Huijun | Zhang, Xuan | Lei, Jingyu | Zhang, Huiming | Yuan, Huanhuan | Yang, Jun | Nuli, Yanna | Wang, Jiulin
Rechargeable lithium-metal batteries have gained significant attention as potential candidates of energy storage systems; however, severe safety issues including flammable electrolyte and dendritic lithium formation hinder their further practical application. In this work, we develop a novel intrinsic flame-retardant electrolyte, which enables a stable and dendrite-free cycling with lithium plating/stripping Coulombic efficiency of up to 99.1% over 500 cycles. Raman spectra indicate that no free molecular solvent exists, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals the LiF-rich interphase on the Li-metal anode. When coupled with sulfurized pyrolyzed poly(acrylonitrile) cathode, it shows a benign electrochemical reversibility with the areal capacity of up to 3.41 mAh cm–² after 70 cycles. To further check its compatibility with sulfur cathode, a higher sulfur content (51.6%) is examined with the areal capacity of 3.92 mAh cm–² and sulfur utilization of 81.7%. This work provides an alternative for safe and high-performance Li–S batteries via a novel electrolyte strategy.
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