Elevated CO2 and temperature effect on growth, phenology, biomass and hypericin content of Hypericum perforatum L. in the western Himalaya
2021
Kaundal, Munish | Sharma, Ritika | Kumar, Rakesh
Hypericum perforatum L. is a medicinal plant used in traditional and modern medicines in treating neurological disorders and depression. Still, there is a shortage of information on elevated CO₂ (eCO₂) and elevated temperature (eT) effect on this plant. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at ambient CO₂ (390 µmol mol⁻¹), elevated CO₂ under free air CO₂ enrichment (FACE, 550 ± 50 µmol mol⁻¹) and elevated temperature under free air temperature increase (FATI, 2.5 ± 0.5 °C above ambient) facilities at Palampur, India during 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. During both the years, the number of branches, dry biomass (leaf, root, and flower), aboveground biomass increased under eCO₂ over ambient. Averaged across both the year, total dry biomass increased by 10.4% in eCO₂ at 6 months after exposure (MAE). However, by 12.6% at 8 MAE compared to ambient, decreased by 7.3% under eT at 6 MAE, respectively. Hypericin concentration was significantly higher under eT over ambient at 6 MAE. Phenological stages were advanced considerably by 3.0 to 3.5 days under eT as compared to ambient conditions. Vermicompost application increased leaf, stem and root dry biomass compared to control at 8 MAE during both the years. The results suggested that eCO₂ stimulated plant biomass production and eT decreased biomass, advanced phenological stages, and enhanced hypericin content compared to ambient conditions.
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