Energy and macronutrient content of human milk during early lactation from mothers giving birth prematurely and at term
1981
Anderson, G. Harvey | Atkinson, Stephanie A. | Bryan, M. Heather
Energy and nutrient composition of milk from mothers of premature and term infants changed during the first 29 days of lactation in samples of milk representative of 24-hour expressions. Lactose concentration increased and nitrogen content decreased by 25% over this time period; lipid and total energy increased by 25% from week 1 to week 2 and then stabilized. These compositional changes were similar in mothers from both groups. However, milk from mothers giving birth prematurely had energy and lipid concentrations which were 20-30% higher than that of full term milk samples. Premature milk was also 15-20% higher in protein and 10% lower in lactose after week 1. These differences may reflect the high nutrient needs of the premature infant for protein and energy during its first weeks of life.
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