Effect of co-composting municipal solid waste with Mg-modified zeolite on soil water balance components using HYDRUS-1D
2020
Taheri Soudejani, Hajar | Shayannejad, Mohammad | Kazemian, Hossein | Heidarpour, Manouchehr | Rutherford, Mike
Application of organic and inorganic amendments is an excellent technique for enhancing available water content in the soils. In this study, municipal waste compost containing three different amounts (i.e., 5%, 10%, and 15% on a wet weight basis) of natural and Mg-modified zeolites were added to a loamy sand soil improving soil water retention. During the plant growth period, the volume of drainage water (DW) and soil water content were measured after each irrigation event and every other day, respectively. HYDRUS-1D was used to simulate the following treatment effects on DW, soil water content distribution and evapotranspiration under corn cultivation: unamended soil (Ctrl), soil amended with compost without zeolite (SC) and soil amendment with composts containing natural zeolite- and Mg-modified zeolites (SCNZ and SCMZ, respectively). Cumulative drainage content was 35.68%, 16.41%, 11.74%, and 10.95% of total applied water in Ctrl, SC, SCNZ and SCMZ treatments, respectively. In the topsoil, the soil water content increased by 4.67%, 5.51% and 9.08% in SC, SCNZ, and SCMZ treatments, respectively as compared to Ctrl treatment. This indicates that water losses decreased in treatments containing zeolite (specially the modified form) relative to Ctrl and SC treatments. The HYDRUS-1D model was effective at simulating DW at different irrigation events (R² = 0.95–0.99, NRMSE = 0.06–0.16). Simulated soil water content statistically matched those measured using a SM150 soil moisture sensor. Statistical measures (R² = 0.57–0.92, NRMSE = 0.07–0.19) indicated a close match between measured and simulated soil water content. The SCNZ and SCMZ treatments decreased the hydraulic conductivity and DW value and increased the water content in the upper layer (where the compost applied).
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