Effect of Long-Term N, P, and K Fertilizer Application on the Grain Yield of Spring Barley Grown in Different Soil and Climate Conditions: Results from Čáslav, Lukavec and Ivanovice 2005-2008
2011
Šrek, Petr | Kunzová, Eva
The effect of N, P and K application on the grain yield of spring barley in 2005-2008 within three long-term field experiments (Čáslav, Ivanovice, Lukavec) was evaluated. In these experiments, nitrogen at rates of 50, 77.6, 105 and 132.5 kg N ha⁻¹, phosphorus at rates of 14 and 29.4 kg P ha⁻¹ and potassium at 59 and 96.4 kg K ha⁻¹ was annually applied to the treat-ments during that period. Four years summarizing shows that the optimal application rate of fertilizers resulting in a grain yield above 6 t ha⁻¹ was 105 kg N ha⁻¹, 14 kg P ha⁻¹ and 96.4 kg K ha⁻¹ in Čáslav and above 7 t ha⁻¹ was 78 kg N ha⁻¹, 14 kg P ha⁻¹ and 59 kg K ha⁻¹ in Ivanovice. The rate of N 132.5 kg ha⁻¹ in Lukavec increased the grain yield more than three-fold (from 1.94 to 6.12 t ha⁻¹) and probably was not sufficient to obtain the highest grain yield in this locality. No significant difference was recorded between grain yields in P and K fertilizing treatments in any of the three stations. The key result is that degraded chernozem (in Ivanovice) and greyic phaeozem (in Čáslav) demonstrate a high and long-term stable natural fertility, but yields of spring barley of low productive sandy-loamy Cambisol is strongly affected by high rates of nitrogen application.
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