Impact of the application of municipal waste on communities of bacteria in the grown soils of periphery Oagadougou, Burkina Faso | Impact de l’Épandage de Déchets Urbains sur les Communautés de Bactéries dans les Sols Cultivés de la Périphérie de Oagadougou, Burkina Faso
2014
Hien, E. | Favre-Bonté, S. | Nazaret, S. | Masse, D.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of anthropogenic activities such as the application of urban waste on agricultural land which can promote the emergence and/or spread of pathogens. An assessment was conducted on the influence of spreading raw municipal waste on soil bacterial communities and the abundance of opportunistic human pathogens. Soils that had been amended with waste were sampled at three sites in the suburban area of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso); unamended soil was used as the control. The impact of pathogens on the total indigenous bacterial community and the risk of spreading the pathogens was assessed by counting culturable bacteria (heterotrophic cultivable microflora, faecal indicator bacteria and pathogenic human species); in addition an analysis of the genetic structure of bacterial community in a culture independent approach (method for automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis [ARISA]) was carried out. The results showed a total cultivable bacteria enrichment and modification of the genetic structure of bacterial communities in the amended plots. The lack of detection of pathogens such as enterococci and fecal coliform, Staphylococcus aureus or opportunistic human pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) suggested that the amendments are not sources of these pathogens and do not select the communities. However, monitoring populations of the species Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, an opportunistic pathogen of humans frequently found in soils, showed the enrichment of these populations in amended plots. This work showed that applying urban waste water on agricultural land may pose health and environmental risks.
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