The use of bromelain as a feed additive in fish diets: Growth performance, intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme and immune response of juvenile Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus)
2019
Wiszniewski, Grzegorz | Jarmołowicz, Sylwia | Hassaan, Mohamed S. | Mohammady, Eman Y. | Soaudy, Mohamed R. | Łuczyńska, Joanna | Tońska, Elzbieta | Terech‐Majewska, Elzbieta | Ostaszewska, Teresa | Kamaszewski, Maciej | Skrobisz, Marek | Adamski, Antoni | Schulz, Patrycja | Kaczorek, Edyta | Siwicki, Andrzej
Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme extracted from Ananas comosus and has great potential to affect several physiological functions. The current study examined the effect of bromelain added to commercial feed at concentrations of 0 g (control), 10 g (B1) and 20 g (B2) per kg diet on growth, feed utilization, intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme and immune response of juvenile Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) for 56 days. At the end of this experiment, the highest final body weight was detected in fish fed diet of B2 compared to control. The protein content of whole fish was higher in fish fed diet of B1 and B2, but the content of calcium, iron, copper and zinc was noted lower in fillets of fish fed diet of B1 and B2. Supplementation with bromelain significantly increased the height of mucosal folds, enterocytes and the supranuclear zone of the epithelial cells compared to control diet. The enzymatic activity of lipase and pepsin was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in fish fed diet of B1 and B2. The highest activity of lysozyme, total protein level and total immunoglobulin and the proliferative activity of T and B cells were detected in fish fed diet of B2 compared to control, where no significant (p > 0.05) difference was found in ceruloplasmin, metabolic activity of spleen macrophages and potential killing activity of spleen phagocytes between different treatments.
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