Expressions of heat shock and metallothionein genes in the heart of common carp ( <i>Cyprinus carpio</i> ): Effects of temperature shock and heavy metal exposure
2010
Said Ali, K. | Ferencz, Ágnes | Nemcsók, J. | Hermesz, Edit
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) and metallothioneins (MTs) play important roles in protection against environmental stressors. The present study analyzes and compares the regulation of heat shock (<i>hsp70, hsc70-1</i> and <i>hsp90α</i>) and metallothionein (MT-1 and MT-2) genes in the heart of common carp, in response to elevated temperature, cold shock and exposure to several heavy metal ions (As <sup>3+</sup> , Cd <sup>2+</sup> and Cu <sup>2+</sup>), in whole-animal experiments. Among these metals, arsenate proved to be the most potent inducer of the examined stress genes; the <i>hsp90α</i> and MT-1 mRNA levels were elevated 11- and 10-fold, respectively, after a 24-h exposure. In contrast, Cd <sup>2+</sup> at 10 mg/L had no impact on the expression of <i>hsp90α</i> , and the MT genes also proved to be rather insensitive to Cd <sup>2+</sup> treatment in the heart: only a 2–2.5-fold induction was observed in response to 10 mg/L Cd <sup>2+</sup> . Heat shock resulted in a transient induction of <i>hsp70</i> (19-fold) and <i>hsp90α</i> (15-fold), while elevated temperature had no effect on the expression of the MTs. Direct cold shock induced <i>hsp70</i> expression (14-fold), while the <i>hsp90α</i> (26-fold) and MT-2 (2-fold) expressions peaked after the recovery period following a direct cold shock. The five stress genes examined in this study exhibited a unique, tissue-specific basal expression pattern and a characteristic sensitivity to metal treatments and temperature shocks.
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