Effects of high doses of leucine and ketoleucine on glycogen and protein metabolism in acute uremia
1980
Hörl, Walter H. | Kittel, Rainer | Heidland, August
Leucine inhibits glycogenolysis by lowering phosphorylase activity in muscle and liver, whereas ketoleucine increases the activity and enhances glycogenolysis in acute uremia. With ketoleucine, there is a progressive inactivation of glycogen synthetase I; with leucine, the activity increases up to a maximum of 90% of total enzyme activity. Addition of leucine to low-protein diets almost doubled muscle and liver protein content in rats, and ketoleucine increased liver protein 1.5 times in the first 40 hours after operation. Binephrectomized rats given high doses of ketoleucine died after about 45 hours. Ureter-ligated rats survived 100% at 60 hours, and their skeletal muscle protein content was enhanced by ketoleucine. Liver glycogen and total carbohydrate content were elevated about 10-fold in operated animals between the 20th and 60th hours when fed leucine at 5-hour intervals. No significant differences in skeletal muscle glycogen were observed in acutely uremic rats fed at 10-hour intervals regardless of diet.
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