In vitro polyploidization from shoot tips of Jatropha curcas L.: a biodiesel plant
2013
de Oliveira, Stéfanie Cristina | Nunes, Andrei Caíque Pires | Carvalho, Carlos Roberto | Clarindo, Wellington Ronildo
Jatropha curcas L. has been considered one of the most promising alternatives for biofuel production and, thus, a relevant economic crop. In this context, in vitro tissue culture techniques such as organogenesis and embryogenesis have been conducted for mass clonal propagation of elite J. curcas lines. However, despite advancements, in vitro induction of polyploids has not yet been related for this crop. In this sense, the present study attempted to induce polyploidy in plantlets generated from shoot tips of J. curcas ‘Gonçalo’ (2n = 2× = 22 chromosomes, 2C = 0.85 pg). For this purpose, some criteria were adopted for selection of the most adequate colchicine treatment: (a) survival rate of the explants, and (b) number of tetraploid and (c) mixoploid plantlets. Tetraploid and mixoploid plantlets were obtained from different treatments, with 0.5 mM colchicine for 96 h being the most efficient. The plantlets were recovered and clonally propagated in tissue culture medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine. These results show that the tissue culture procedures were adequate for induction, propagation and recovery of tetraploid and mixoploid plantlets. Moreover, DNA ploidy level screening by flow cytometry was a practical and rapid strategy for selection of diploid, mixoploid and tetraploid plantlets. The tissue culture system presented here represents a reliable methodology for in vitro polyploid induction of this and other elite lines of J. curcas.
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