Analysis of groundwater dynamics in the complex aquifer system of Kazan Trona, Turkey, using environmental tracers and noble gases | Analyse des dynamiques des eaux souterraines dans le système aquifère complexe de Kazan Trona en Turquie, utilisant des traceurs environnementaux et des gaz nobles Análisis de la dinámica del agua subterránea en el sistema acuífero complejo de Kazan Trona, Turquía, usando trazadores ambientales y gases nobles 利用环境示踪剂和惰性气体分析土耳其Kazan 天然碱地区复杂含水层系统中的地下水动力学 Análise da dinâmica da água subterrânea no sistema aquífero complexo de Kazan Trona, Turquia, usando traçadores ambientais e gases nobres
2015
Arslan, Sebnem | Yazicigil, Hasan | Stute, Martin | Schlosser, Peter | Smethie, William M., Jr
The Eocene deposits of Kazan Basin in Turkey contain a rare trona mineral which is planned to be extracted by solution mining. The complex flow dynamics and mixing mechanisms as noted from previous hydraulic and hydrochemical data need to be augmented with environmental tracer and noble gas data to develop a conceptual model of the system for the assessment of the impacts of the mining and to develop sustainable groundwater management policies throughout the area. The tracers used include the stable isotopes of water (δ²H, δ¹⁸O), δ¹³C and¹⁴C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), tritium (³H), the chlorofluorocarbons CFC-11 and CFC-12, and the noble gases He and Ne. The system studied consists of three aquifers: shallow, middle, and deep. CFC data indicate modern recharge in the shallow system. The estimates of ages through¹⁴C dating for the deeper aquifer system are up to 34,000 years. Helium concentrations cover a wide range of values from 5 × 10⁻⁸to 1.5 × 10⁻⁵ cm³STP/g.³He/⁴He ratios vary from 0.09RAto 1.29RA(where RAis the atmospheric³He/⁴He ratio of 1.384 × 10⁻⁶), the highest found in water from the shallow aquifer. Mantle-derived³He is present in some of the samples indicating upward groundwater movement, possibly along a NE–SW-striking fault-like feature in the basin.
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