A foszfordinamika jellemzői trágyázási tartamkísérletek talajaiban | Phosphorus dynamics in the soils of long-term field experiments
2015
Sardi, K. (Katalin)
It is well-known fact that the problems involved in the application of phosphorus play an outstanding role in nutrient management, as this macroelement may not only increase the plant-available P content in the soil but may also result in environmental risks above a certain critical concentration. To achieve environmentally sound nutrient management, efficiency needs to be improved through the increased recovery of P fertilizers and the reduction of losses causing pollution. In the present work, pot experiments and laboratory incubations were carried out on soils from long-term phosphorus fertilization experiments in order to study the quantitative aspects of phosphorus dynamics, and the phosphorus retention and phosphorus-supplying capacity of various soil types. A further aim was to investigate the carry-over effects of mineral phosphorus fertilization and changes in solubility. The present paper discusses the results obtained for an Eutric Cambisol from Keszthely and a Stagnic Luvisol from Szentgyörgyvölgy. As the result of 10 years (1963–1973) of intensive fertilisation with increasing doses of phosphorus, three P nutrient levels (P ₀, P ₁ and P ₂) could be detected in soil samples taken from selected plots 30 years after fertilisation was discontinued. It was established that the residual effect of intensive P fertilisation could still be observed in the water-soluble, AL- and Olsen-P contents after 30 years. The results of the incubation experiments revealed that in the low temperature range favourable soil moisture conditions were beneficial for the short-term mobilisation of extractable P amounts, while higher temperature favoured the immobilisation of these forms.
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