Changes in Life History Parameters of Rhopalosiphum maidis (Homoptera: Aphididae) under Four Different Elevated Temperature and CO2 Combinations
2014
Xie, Haicui | Zhao, Lei | Wang, Wenqiang | Wang, Zhenying | Ni, Xinzhi | Cai, Wanzhi | He, Kanglai
Biological characteristics of corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), on barley, Hordeum vulgare L., were examined for two generations under four different elevated temperature and CO₂ combinations. The developmental duration for each life stage was significantly reduced under the elevated temperature (+4°C). The elevated CO₂ (700–750 µl/liter) reduced only the development time of fourth-instar nymph. The overall duration of nymphal stage was reduced in the second generation. Thus, the temperature was the dominant factor to development duration of corn leaf aphid. The fecundity of corn leaf aphid was significantly increased under the elevated temperature and CO₂, as well as in the later generation. Elevated temperature and CO₂ increased the number of alate production, which may enhance the aphid migration or dispersal and the spread of plant viruses. Corn leaf aphid had the highest intrinsic rate of increase under the elevated temperature and CO₂ combination in the second generation. These results indicate that the combined effects of both elevated temperature and CO₂ on aphid biology may exacerbate aphid damage on barley under the climate change in accompany with elevated temperature and CO₂ level.
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