Particulate air pollution in Ho Chi Minh city and risk of hospital admission for acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) among young children
2020
Luong, Ly Thi Mai | Dang, Tran Ngoc | Thanh Huong, Nguyen Thi | Phùng, Dũng | Tran, Long K. | Van Dung, Do | Thai, Phong K.
High levels of air pollutants in Vietnam, especially particulate matters including PM₂.₅, can be important risk factors for respiratory diseases among children of the country. However, few studies on the effects of ambient air pollution on human health have been conducted in Vietnam so far. The aim of this study is to examine the association between PM₂.₅ and hospital admission due to acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) among children aged < 5 years old in Ho Chi Minh city, the largest city of Vietnam. Data relating PM₂.₅ and hospital admission were collected from February 2016–December 2017 and a time series regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between PM₂.₅ and hospital admission including the delayed effect up to three days prior to the admission. We found that each 10 μg/m³ increase in PM₂.₅ was associated with an increase of 3.51 (95%CI: 0.96–6.12) risk of ALRI admission among children. According to the analysis, male children are more sensitive to exposure to PM₂.₅ than females, while children exposed to PM₂.₅ are more likely to be infected with acute bronchiolitis than with pneumonia. The study demonstrated that young children in HCMC are at increased risk of ALRI admissions due to the high level of PM₂.₅ concentration in the city's ambient air.
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