Comparative Characteristics of the Size–Weight Parameters and Lipid Composition of Wild and Cultured Eggs of the Muksun Coregonus muksun (Pallas, 1814)
2022
Lyutikov, A. A.
A comparative analysis of the size–weight and biochemical parameters (total lipid content and their fractional and fatty acid composition) of eggs of wild and cultured producers of the Ob muksun shows significant differences between them. Wild eggs are characterized by their smaller size (by 7%) and lower weight (by 15%), higher fat content (by 13%) and level of diacylglycerols (by 33%), and lower phospholipid content (by 30%) in comparison with cultured eggs. At the same time, cultured eggs differ from wild eggs by a higher level of physiologically significant docosahexaenoic 22:6n-3 (1.8 times) and linoleic 18:2n-6 (7.1 times) acids, but a relatively lower level of eicosapentaenoic 20:5n-3 (in 1.5 times) and arachidonic 20:4n-6 (4.2 times), respectively. Such changes in the fatty acid status lead to a decrease in the cultured eggs of the n‑3/n-6 ratio (by 52%), palmitic 16:0/oleic 18:1n-9 (32%), and α-linolenic 18:3n-3/18:2n-6 (by 45%) and to an increase in 22:6n-3/20:5n-3 (by 63%). In addition, in the eggs of cultured muksun, 68% of the total lipids are 4 acids—16:0, 18:1n-9, 22:6n-3, and 18:2n-6; in wild eggs the share of these acids is 47%. The established differences in the size–weight parameters, the total lipid content, and their fractional and fatty acid composition of wild and cultured eggs of the Ob muksun are most likely associated with the different diet and habitat conditions of the sexually mature fish in captivity and nature.
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