S-Allyl cysteine, S-ethyl cysteine and S-propyl cysteine alleviate oxidative stress-induced damage within PC12 cells
2008
Chen, Chiu-mei | Yin, Mei-chin
BACKGROUND: The PC12 cell line is a suitable model for the investigation of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, PC12 cells were used to examine in vitro antioxidative and antiapoptotic protection by S-allyl cysteine (SAC), S-ethyl cysteine (SEC) and S-propyl cysteine (SPC). PC12 cells were treated with these agents at 5 and 10 μmol L⁻¹ before exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂).RESULTS: H₂O₂ treatment significantly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and DNA fragmentation (P < 0.05). The pre-treatments with SAC, SEC and SPC significantly and concentration-dependently elevated cell viability and MMP and lowered LDH release and DNA fragmentation (P < 0.05). H₂O₂ treatment also significantly increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidised glutathione (GSSG) and decreased glutathione (GSH) content (P < 0.05). The pre-treatments with SAC, SEC and SPC significantly decreased subsequent H₂O₂-induced formation of MDA, ROS and GSSG (P < 0.05) and also alleviated H₂O₂-induced GSH depletion (P < 0.05). Finally, H₂O₂ treatment significantly decreased Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity and elevated caspase-3 activity (P < 0.05). The pre-treatments with SAC, SEC and SPC significantly attenuated H₂O₂-induced Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity reduction and caspase-3 activity elevation (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The results obtained support that the three cysteine-containing compounds studied are potent neuroprotective agents.
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