Genetic regulation of trypsin inhibitory activity in soybean flour
2000
Marchetti, S. | Chiaba, C. | Vrech, E. | Zaina, G. | Pitotti, A.
Many biochemical and molecular details are available for soybean seed proteinase inhibitors, but little is known about the quantitative regulation of structural genes. In order to fill this gap, a complete set of diallel crosses was made between inbred lines characterised by the same inhibitor array coupled with a different inhibitor content in the raw flour. The Hayman analysis revealed the presence of different regulatory elements in the parental lines, giving rise to both additive and dominance variation. Dominant alleles were found to decrease the trypsin inhibitory activity (TI activity) shown by the raw flours and appeared to have higher frequencies than recessive alleles. Significant maternal effects were also detected, particularly in crosses of low-TI activity female X high-TI activity male; maternal effects strengthened the role of the regulatory genes transferred by the female parent to the hybrid. Data fitted the simple additive-dominance model with genes independent in both action and distribution. Narrow and broad heritability values were 54% and 82% respectively, thus indicating the feasibility of lowering TI activity through selection.
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