Territorial aptitude for ecological cattle production systems and the conservation of jaguar (Panthera onca) and puma (Puma concolor) in Guerrero, Mexico
2021
Flores Monter, Yasiri Mayeli | Chávez, Cuauhtémoc | Gutiérrez, Fernando Ruíz
Our objective was to identify suitable areas for ecological cattle production and conservation areas for jaguar and puma populations.We conducted the superpositioning of raster and vector maps and the reclassification from the combination of spatial and alphanumeric data integrated into an analytical geographic information system. The levels of aptitude were classified, taking into consideration of horizontal and vertical dissection of the relief, altitude, slope, productive potential per taxonomic unit of soil, temperature, precipitation, access to water sources, vegetation and land use, the National Cattle Registry, and distances to roads and human settlements.The results indicated that approximately 469 ha showed high potential, 206,386 ha showed medium potential, and 1,794,357 showed low potential for cattle farming. The potential areas identified for jaguar conservation were 2,713 km², and those for puma conservation were 2,446 km².In Mexico, primarily in the State of Guerrero, forests and scrublands fulfill the summer pasture (agostadero) role in ejidos for extensive cattle production, and the introduction of improved grasses displaces native vegetation without serving as forage for wild ungulates, affecting felines, which turn to cattle for food. Ecological farming is an alternative that promotes biodiversity, respecting the role and functions of the soil.
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