Fast pyrolysis of a waste fraction of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) containing brominated flame retardants in a fluidized bed reactor: The effects of various Ca-based additives (CaO, Ca(OH)₂ and oyster shells) on the removal of bromine
2012
Jung, Su-Hwa | Kim, Seon-Jin | Kim, Joo-sik
A waste fraction of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) containing brominated flame retardants and antimony trioxide (Sb₂O₃) as a synergist was pyrolyzed in a bench-scale system equipped with a fluidized bed and char separation system. Experiments were carried out to observe the effects of the reaction temperature and three additives (CaO, Ca(OH)₂, oyster shells) on the removal of bromine. An analysis of the pyrolysis oils obtained showed the oils were mainly composed of toluene, ethyl-benzene, styrene, cumene, α-methylstyrene, 1,3-diphenylpropane, 1,3-diphenylbutane and (1-bromoethyl)-benzene. When the Ca-based additives were used, the concentration of styrene was markedly increased; whereas, those of ethlybenzene and cumene were reduced. The total bromine content of pyrolysis oil produced without any additive at 459°C was about 5wt.%. When Ca(OH)₂ and oyster shells were applied, the total bromine contents of the pyrolysis oils were decreased to 1.3 and 2.7wt.%, respectively. The antimony content in the pyrolysis oil was relatively small due to the efficient operation of the char separation system.
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