Effect of Polysaccharides and 70% Ethanol Extracts from Medicinal Mushrooms on Growth of Human Prostate Cancer LNCaP and PC-3 Cells
2010
Kiho, Tadashi | Iguchi, Kazuhiro | Usui, Shigeyuki | Hirano, Kazuyuki
To find anticancer compounds in medicinal mushrooms (MM), we fi rst examined the effect of polysaccharides and ethanol extracts of MM on cell growth. Some heteroglycans from MM and antitumor glucans significantly suppressed the growth of prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3 cells. However, no structure-activity relationship among them was observed. A 70% ethanol extract of mushrooms markedly inhibited the cell growth of LNCaP and PC-3 cells, and the effect was greater than the above polysaccharides. The 70% ethanol extract of the fruiting bodies of Tremella aurantia (TA-70E) showed the most potent inhibitory effect on cell growth—that is, treated with 1 mg/mL of TA-70E for 48 h cell viability decreased to about 12% and 32% of the levels in the control of LNCaP and PC-3 cells, respectively. In addition, the growth inhibition of LNCaP and PC-3 cells by the 70% ethanol extract was, at least in part, characterized by G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, as evidenced by FACS analysis. These results showed that the polysaccharides and 70% ethanol extract of mushrooms have growth-inhibitory activity in LNCaP and PC-3 cells.
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