Eficiencia de recuperacion de n y k de tres fertilizantes de lenta liberacion | N and K recovery efficiency of slow release fertilizers
2006
Castro-Luna, I. | Gavi-Reyes, F. | Pena-Cabriales, J.J. | Nunez-Escobar, R. | Etchevers-Barra, J.D.
The cost of mineral fertilizers and the environmental pollution that they produce when used improperly, make it necessary to find new economic and more efficient fertilizers. The objective of this study was to compare the recovery efficiency and the physiological efficiency (FE) of N and K of three new fertilizers denominated AUK in wheat production under greenhouse conditions. Three fertilizers (AUK1, AUK2, and AUK3), with the same content of N and K2O (12 and 7.5% in weight), but with different intercalation of nutrients with the clay matrix, were compared with commercial fertilizers (Fc) urea and KCl. The fertilizers were applied at three rates equivalent to three times (as suggested for greenhouse tests) 60, 100, and 140% the commercial rate of N recommended for wheat in the area of Bajio, state of Guanajuato, Mexico, equivalent to 270 mg N and 40 mg P2O5 kg-1 soil. This test was conducted using a completely randomized block design. Recovery efficiency of N and K (ERN and ERK) was similar (P < 0.05) for the three AUK fertilizers and compared with Fc. ERN and ERK decreased with the increase of the rate of N and K, showing the following order: 60 > 100 > 140%, regardless of the type of fertilizer (from tasseling to physiological maturity). The same was observed for the recovery efficiency of K. FE of N decreased when the rate of applied N increased, becoming stabilized when AUK2 was applied at a rate equal to or greater than that necessary to obtain maximum yield.
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